The redefinition of neuropathic pain, 23 which specifically excludes the concept of
“dysfunction,” has left a large group of patients without a valid pathophysiological descriptor …

Recent neuroimaging studies suggest that the brain adapts with pain, as well as imparts risk
for developing chronic pain. Within this context, we revisit the concepts for nociception, acute …

Despite an extensive body of reported information about peripheral and central mechanisms
involved in the pathophysiology of IBS symptoms, no comprehensive disease model has …

Pain is a highly complex and individual experience with biological, psychological and social
(biopsychosocial) contributions. Pain is associated with activity within the nervous system …

Aims Terms used in the field of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) are poorly defined and often
confusing. An International Continence Society (ICS) Standard for Terminology in chronic …

Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS), which encompasses interstitial
cystitis/bladder pain syndrome and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, is …

Valid and reliable biomarkers can play an important role in clinical trials as indicators of
biological or pathogenic processes or as a signal of treatment response. Currently, there are …

Chronic visceral pain syndromes are important clinical problems with largely unmet medical
needs. Based on the common overlap with other chronic disorders of visceral or somatic …

Common brain mechanisms are thought to play a significant role across a multitude of
chronic pain syndromes. In addition, there is strong evidence for the existence of sex …

Menstrual pain is the most prevalent gynecological complaint, and is usually without organic
cause (termed primary dysmenorrhea, PDM). The high comorbidity in the later life of PDM …