For more than half a century, arteriovenous fistula (AVFs) has been recognized as a lifeline
for patients requiring hemodialysis (HD). With its higher long-term patency rate and lower …

Abstract Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells
(EPCs) are used in cell-based regenerative therapy. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) …

The protective effects of statins against stenosis for permanent hemodialysis access have
been repeatedly demonstrated in animal studies, but remain controversial in human studies …

Background Diabetes disregulates inflammatory responses and impairs vascular function in
wounds. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (Glp-1R) agonists are hypoglycemic agents with …

Within the past decade, inflammatory and lipid mediators, such as IL-1β, FABP4 and RAGE,
have emerged as important contributors to metabolic dysfunction. As growing experimental …

High shear stress that develops in the arteriovenous fistula of chronic kidney diseases
(CKD) may increase H 2 O 2 and thromboxane A 2 (TXA 2) release, thereby exacerbating …

Objective Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation is the preferred approach for hemodialysis
access; however, the maturation of AVFs is known to be poor. We established a proactive …

(1) Background: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred type of vascular access for
dialysis in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, the primary patency of …

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) have long been used as dialysis access in patients with end-
stage renal disease; however, their maturation and long-term patency still fall short of clinical …

Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor (statins) is one of the
most commonly prescribed agents for controlling hyperlipidemia. Apart from their lipid …