Although the diagnostic and severity grading criteria on the 2013 Tokyo Guidelines (TG 13)
are used worldwide as the primary standard for management of acute cholangitis (AC), they …

Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common GI conditions requiring acute hospitalisation
and has a rising incidence. In recent years, important insights on the management of acute …

ESGE recommends offering stone extraction to all patients with common bile duct stones,
symptomatic or not, who are fit enough to tolerate the intervention. Strong recommendation …

Antimicrobial therapy is a mainstay of the management for patients with acute cholangitis
and/or cholecystitis. The Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG 18) provides recommendations for the …

The initial management of patients with suspected acute biliary infection starts with the
measurement of vital signs to assess whether or not the situation is urgent. If the case is …

Abstract The Tokyo Guidelines 2013 (TG 13) include new topics in the biliary drainage
section. From these topics, we describe the indications and new techniques of biliary …

Abstract Background and purpose The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for
Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2016 (J-SSCG 2016), a Japanese-specific set of …

Lysyl oxidase like‐2 (LOXL2) plays a central role in fibrogenesis and is elevated in the
serum and liver of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We evaluated the …

Acute cholangitis is bacterial infection of the extra-hepatic biliary system. As it is caused by
gallstones blocking the common bile duct in most of the cases, its prevalence is greater in …

Background Pediatric pancreatitis is an underdiagnosed disease with variable etiology. In
the past 10–15 years the incidence of pediatric pancreatitis has increased, it is now 3.6–13.3 …