Physical activity (PA) and nutrition are the essential components of a healthy lifestyle, as
they can influence energy balance, promote functional ability of various systems and …

The aim of this review is to offer dietary advice for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI)
and neurogenic bowel dysfunction. With this in mind, we consider health conditions that are …

Immune cells are bioenergetically expensive during activation, which requires tightly
regulated control of metabolic pathways. Both low and high glycemic conditions can …

Background Dietary supplement use is endemic in young athletes; however, it is unclear if
their choices are congruent with their motivation for supplementation and the established …

Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) can result in negative health and performance
outcomes in both male and female athletes. The underlying etiology of RED-S is low energy …

Physical activity and nutrition are important in a healthy lifestyle with potential benefits to
immunity often overlooked. Infection of the upper respiratory tract, and the associated …

Probiotic supplementation arises as playing an immune-stimulatory role. High-intensity and-
volume exercise can inhibit immune cell function, which threatens athletic performance and …

Plant alkaloids are found in foods, beverages, and supplements consumed by athletes for
daily nutrition, performance enhancement, and immune function improvement. This paper …

Background Bovine colostrum is proposed as a nutritional countermeasure to the risk of
upper respiratory symptoms (URS) during exercise training. The aim of this systematic …

In this review, we outline key principles for prevention of injury and illness in aquatic sports,
detail the epidemiology of injury and illness in aquatic athletes at major international …