Virus entry, consisting of attachment to and penetration into the host target cell, is the first
step of the virus life cycle and is a critical 'do or die'event that governs virus emergence in …

A majority of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are asymptomatic and self-resolving in
the absence of medical interventions. Various innate and adaptive immune responses, as …

Severe cases of COVID‐19 are associated with extensive lung damage and the presence of
infected multinucleated syncytial pneumocytes. The viral and cellular mechanisms …

Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs 1, 2 and 3) have emerged as important
innate immune effectors that prevent diverse virus infections in vertebrates. However, the …

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small DNA viruses causally associated with benign
warts and multiple cancers, including cervical and head-and-neck cancers. While the vast …

Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) are restriction factors that inhibit the
infectious entry of many enveloped RNA viruses. However, we demonstrated previously that …

The interferon-inducible transmembrane (IFITM) proteins 1, 2 and 3 inhibit the host cell entry
of several enveloped viruses, potentially by promoting the accumulation of cholesterol in …

Interferons (IFNs) are important cytokines that regulate immune responses through the
activation of hundreds of genes, including interferon-induced transmembrane proteins …

The apolipoprotein B messenger RNA-editing, enzyme-catalytic, polypeptide-like 3
(APOBEC3) family of cytidine deaminases plays an important role in the innate immune …

For entry and infection viruses have developed numerous strategies to subjugate
indispensable cellular factors and functions. Host cell lipids and cellular lipid synthesis …