There is growing evidence that botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) exhibit biological effects on
various human cell types with a host of associated clinical implications. This review aims to …

Background As the number of patients using dermal filler for face augmentation increases,
the number of adverse events associated with injection may increase. Unpredictable …

Background Exosomes have gained attention for their potential in skin rejuvenation.
Currently, most exosome products are available for topical administration, and the use of …

Od odkrycia toksyny botulinowej oraz szczepu Clostridium botulinum odpowiedzialnego za
jej syntezę minęło prawie 200 lat. Wiedza na temat botulizmu oraz wykorzystanie toksyny w …

Over the past decade, botulinum toxin (BoNT) has become the mainstay of the aesthetics
industry for the treatment of a range of both on-label and off-label indications, notably for …

It has been nearly 200 years since the discovery of the botulinum toxin and the strain
responsible for its synthesis Clostridium botulinum. Over this period, the knowledge about …

Background Botulinum toxins‐A, as the most common non‐surgical method for facial
rejuvenation, have been used broadly. Objective Despite its significant aesthetic aspects …

To the author's best knowledge, this is another reported case of an allergy to Botox toxin A.
that had arisen shortly after the injection, to be added to the existing literature. A 41-year-old …

Abstract Dear Editor, Botulinum neurotoxin injection for the treatment of facial wrinkles is
nowadays more popular than surgical intervention because the procedure is much easier …