For hundreds of years, mankind has been influencing its sleep and waking state through the
adenosinergic system. For~ 100 years now, systematic research has been performed, first …

Disruptions of normal circadian rhythms and sleep cycles are consequences of aging and
can profoundly affect health. Accumulating evidence indicates that circadian and sleep …

In the last three decades the two‐process model of sleep regulation has served as a major
conceptual framework in sleep research. It has been applied widely in studies on fatigue …

Sleep is considered essential for the brain and body. A predominant concept is that sleep is
regulated by circadian rhythmicity and sleep homeostasis, processes that were posited to be …

Stress is an adaptative response aimed at restoring body homeostasis. The classical
neuroendocrine stress response involving the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary …

Sleep is regulated by a homeostatic and a circadian process. Together these two processes
determine most aspects of sleep and related variables like sleepiness and alertness. The …

The circadian system serves one of the most fundamental properties present in nearly all
organisms: it generates 24-h rhythms in behavioral and physiological processes and …

The accumulation of adenosine is strongly correlated with the need for sleep and the
detection of sleep pressure is antagonised by caffeine. Caffeine also affects the circadian …

Circadian rhythm disturbances are a common symptom among individuals with mood
disorders. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), in the ventral part of the anterior …

Our understanding of the neural control of sleep in large part parallels the history of
neuroscience. As new tools and methodologies have become available to the research …