In elections around the world, large numbers of voters are influenced by promises or threats
that are contingent on how they vote. Recently, the political science literature has made …

Elections are held in nearly all countries in the contemporary world. Yet despite their aim of
allowing for peaceful transfers of power, elections held outside of consolidated democracies …

This interdisciplinary Research Agenda contains state-of-the-art surveys of the field of
corruption and points towards an agenda for future research. This comprehensive work …

Democratic transitions in the early 1990s introduced a sea change in Sub-Saharan African
politics. Between 1990 and 2015, several hundred competitive legislative and presidential …

Although there is a broad consensus among political scientists that polarization is
detrimental to democracy, very few empirically investigate the links between political …

Politicians distribute money to voters during campaigns in many low-income democracies.
Many observers call this practice'vote buying'. Money for Votes develops an alternative …

How do parties target intimidation and vote-buying during elections? Parties prefer the use
of carrots over sticks because they are in the business of getting voters to like them and …

Contrary to our stereotypical views, dictators often introduce elections in which they refrain
from employing blatant electoral fraud. Why do electoral reforms happen in autocracies? Do …

Today a general mood of pessimism surrounds Western efforts to strengthen elections and
democracy abroad. If elections are often deeply flawed or even broken in many countries …

Why do some multiparty elections lead to political violence while others do not? Despite
extensive literatures on democratization, civil war, and violence against civilians in civil war …