Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens are endemic throughout Europe and southern eastern
regions of Asia and reported with increasing frequency in Africa. Nevertheless, the …

For a long time, wildlife carnivores have been disregarded for their potential in transmitting
zoonotic nematodes. However, human activities and politics (eg, fragmentation of the …

Heartworm disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis is a vector-borne disease that affects
canids and felids, both domestic and wild, throughout the world. It is a chronic disease which …

Background Dirofilaria immitis, also known as heartworm, is one of the most important
parasitic nematodes of domestic dogs, causing a potentially serious disease …

Background Filarioids are vector-borne parasitic nematodes of vertebrates. In Europe, eight
species of filarioids, including zoonotic species, have been reported mainly in domestic …

The golden jackal (Canis aureus) is a species under significant and fast geographic
expansion. Various parasites are known from golden jackals across their geographic range …

Background Jackals are medium-sized canids from the wolf-like clade, exhibiting a unique
combination of ancestral morphotypes, broad trophic niches, and close phylogenetic …

Dirofilaria immitis is an important mosquito-borne nematode, being of both veterinary and
public health concern. The typical final host is represented by the domestic dog, Canis …

Background Wild carnivores such as the grey wolf (Canis lupus), red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
and golden jackal (Canis aureus) are recognized hosts of Dirofilaria immitis. However, few …

Abstract In Europe, Dirofilaria immitis persists mainly in the southern countries with a
Mediterranean climate. Because spreading of heartworms from these countries towards the …