Abstract In May 2014, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) stated its intent to “require
applicants to consider sex as a biological variable (SABV) in the design and analysis of NIH …

Biological sex, being female or male, broadly influences diverse immune phenotypes,
including immune responses to diseases at mucosal surfaces. Sex hormones, sex …

The 'Lambeth Conventions' is a guidance document, written in 1987 (Walker et al., 1988),
intended to be of practical value in the investigation of experimental arrhythmias induced by …

Aims Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) is characterized
by fibrofatty infiltration of the myocardium and ventricular arrhythmias that may lead to …

Recent publications describing the results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and other
studies reporting the impact of hormone therapy on aging women have spurred …

Despite the importance of the mouse in biomedical research, the levels of circulating
gonadal steroids across the estrous cycle are not established with any temporal precision …

A number of gender differences exist in the human electrocardiogram (ECG): the P-wave
and PR intervals are slightly longer in men than in women, whilst women have higher …

The cellular and molecular basis of sex-dimorphic autoimmune diseases, such as the CNS
demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS), remains unclear. Our studies in the SJL …

The incidence and expression of cardiovascular diseases differs between the sexes. This is
not surprising, as cardiac physiology differs between men and women. Clinical and basic …

Background Human luteinizing hormone (LH) and chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) are
glycoprotein hormones regulating development and reproductive functions by acting on the …