Genetic predisposition to multiple sclerosis (MS) only explains a fraction of the disease risk;
lifestyle and environmental factors are key contributors to the risk of MS. Importantly, these …

Introduction We present international consensus recommendations for improving diagnosis,
management and treatment access in multiple sclerosis (MS). Our vision is that these will be …

Background and Objectives People with multiple sclerosis (MS) are a vulnerable group for
severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), particularly those taking immunosuppressive …

Lifestyle and environmental factors potently influence the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS),
because genetic predisposition only explains a fraction of the risk increase. There is strong …

Objective A protective association between higher vitamin D levels and the onset of multiple
sclerosis (MS) has been demonstrated; however, its role in modulating MS clinical course …

Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), especially when assessed by
neuropsychological tests that emphasize mental processing speed, episodic memory, and …

The association between smoke habit and autoimmunity has been hypothesized a long time
ago. Smoke has been found to play a pathogenic role in certain autoimmune disease as it …

Background: Anxiety, depression and fatigue are commonly reported by persons with
multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Objectives: We estimated the prevalence of each factor in a …

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a leading cause of disability in young adults.
Susceptibility to MS is determined by environmental exposure on the background of genetic …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disabling disease of the central nervous system
commonly affecting young adults. Pathologically, there are patches of inflammation …