Tinnitus, the perception of sound in the absence of an auditory stimulus, is perceived by
about 1 in 10 adults, and for at least 1 in 100, tinnitus severely affects their quality of life …

Providing comprehensive coverage of the biological activities and industrial applications of
Chitin, Chitosan, oligosaccharides, and their derivatives, this book presents a balance of …

The aim of this review is to clarify the interrelationship between melatonin and autism
spectrum disorder (ASD) during fetal development. ASD refers to a diverse range of …

Reactive oxygen species generated during the freeze–thawing process may reduce sperm
quality. This study evaluates the effects of melatonin supplementation as an antioxidant in …

The authors have shown that, via activation of its MT1 receptor, melatonin modulates the
transcriptional activity of various nuclear receptors and the proliferation of both ERα+ and …

Various systems of antioxidants exist endogenously in the body to help protect it against free
radical damage by scavenging excessive ROS and RNS. Melatonin, a hormone secreted by …

All living organisms are constantly exposed to oxidant agents deriving from both endog-
enous and exogenous sources capable to modify biomolecules and induce damages. Free …

Tryptophan is metabolized along the kynurenine and serotonin pathways, resulting in
formation of kynurenine metabolites, neuroactive serotonin and melatonin. Each pathway is …

Background/Aims: Melatonin, synthesized by the pineal gland and released into the blood,
appears to have antitumour properties; however, the mechanisms of its anti-cancer effects …

The circadian rhythm of plants is associated with stress responses; however, it is not clear
whether increased host plant drought tolerance by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is …