The increasing prevalence of microplastics in the environment has become a concern for
various ecosystems, including wetland ecosystems. Here, we investigated the effects of …

Purpose River sediments play a crucial role in wetland ecosystems, as they are essential for
the biogeochemical cycling of river nutrients. In this study, we examined the structure of …

Research-based service activities on the development of weed sprayer have been carried
out in Bukit Kratai Village, Rumbio Jaya District, Kampar Regency. The weed sprayer was …

Moistube irrigation was driven by the gradient of water potential inside and outside the pipe
wall, which has the advantages of continuous irrigation during the crop growth period …

Intercropping in oil palm has potential in intensifying land use via crop diversification. This
MSc thesis focused on smallholder intercropping with watermelon, banana, cassava and …

Indonesia is the largest producer of oil palm in the world, with Riau Province particularly
Siak District being the major contributor. The study focused on oil palm plantations within …

To obtain maximum results in plantation, good management is carried out by determining
the best nutrition and knowing the factors that hinder plant growth as early as possible. We …

One of the laborious tasks in operating and managing oil palm lands is measuring the
nutrient content of leaves in a timely and periodic manner. It takes a manual process and …

Oil palm and coconut have contributed significantly to the livelihood of farmers in the South
East Asian regions. These economically important crops have been the focus of …