Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathways are essential regulators of vertebrate
skeletal development. FGF signaling regulates development of the limb bud and formation of …

During endochondral bone development, bone‐forming osteoblasts have to colonize the
regions of cartilage that will be replaced by bone. In adulthood, bone remodeling and repair …

To meet the growing need for tissue replacement materials for our aging population, the
development of new adaptive biomaterials is essential. The tissues with the highest demand …

Proteoglycans consist of core proteins and one or more covalently-linked
glycosaminoglycan chains. They are structurally complex and heterogeneous …

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long, linear polysaccharides that are ubiquitously
expressed on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix of all animal cells. These …

Increases in fibroblastic growth factor 23 (FGF23 or Fgf23) production by osteocytes result in
hypophosphatemia and rickets in the Hyp mouse homologue of X-linked hypophosphatemia …

Stem cells maintain a subtle balance between self-renewal and differentiation under the
regulatory network supported by both intracellular and extracellular components …

Multipotent neural stem cells (NSCs) provide a model to investigate neurogenesis and
develop mechanisms of cell transplantation. In order to define improved markers of …

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) are expressed throughout all
stages of skeletal development. In the limb bud and in cranial mesenchyme, FGF signaling …

A new strategy has emerged to improve healing of bone defects using exogenous
glycosaminoglycans by increasing the effectiveness of bone-anabolic growth factors. Wnt …