In the forest ecosystems, litterfall is an important component of the nutrient cycle that
regulates the accumulation of soil organic matter (SOM), the input and output of the …

Despite the major importance of soil biota in nutrient and energy fluxes, interactions in soil
food webs are poorly understood. Here we provide an overview of recent advances in …

Use of stable isotope ratios to trace pathways of organic matter among consumers requires
knowledge of the isotopic shift between diet and consumer. Variation in trophic shift among …

Rivers transfer terrestrial organic carbon (OC) from mountains to ocean basins, playing a
key role in the global carbon cycle. During fluvial transit, OC may be oxidized and emitted to …

Ecosystem simulation models use descriptive input parameters to establish the physiology,
biochemistry, structure, and allocation patterns of vegetation functional types, or biomes. For …

Analyses of carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) in soil organic matter (SOM) and soil respired CO2
provide insights into dynamics of the carbon cycle. δ13C analyses do not provide direct …

▪ Abstract Vertebrate fossils and continental sediments provide a rich record of variations in
the isotopic composition of surface environments. To interpret these records, a greater …

Natural variations of the 13C/12C ratio have been frequently used over the last three
decades to trace C sources and fluxes between plants, microorganisms, and soil. Many of …

The substantial stocks of carbon sequestered in temperate grassland ecosystems are
located largely below ground in roots and soil. Organic C in the soil is located in discrete …

Plant species are hypothesized to impact ecosystem nitrogen cycling in two distinctly
different ways. First, differences in nitrogen use efficiency can lead to positive feedbacks on …