The construction of irregular buildings in India is very common, and it has been observed
that during the earthquake, irregular building failures are most common. Since India is also …

X-type bracing is the strongest bracing. The bigger ratio of the width of the span to the high
level (L/H), the slope of the angle on the bracing will be more declivous. The analysis of the …

Existing buildings designed on pre-seismic design philosophy as well as modern
construction deficient frames may be susceptible to the effects of strong ground motions …

This study investigates the effect of different link beam lengths in the Reinforced Concrete
(RC) frame retrofitted with the Linked Column Frame (LCF) system. It also investigates the …

Non-ductile reinforced concrete frames are commonly found in older buildings in many parts
of the world. These structures are designed for gravity loads, have limited lateral strength …

When steel braces are used to retrofit an existing reinforced concrete frame, the paths
through which the seismic loads are transferred change, resulting in new demands on the …

The lateral bracing frames are one of the common and earthquake-resistant systems. These
frames were originally used to withstand wind forces, and were later developed to withstand …

The concrete structures exposed to the earthquake have the potential of cracking and
reduction in stiffness and strength. Because of their low deformability, there would be some …

Sulfate attack reduces the service life of concrete structures, which isn't possible to repair
simply. Implementation of many factors influencing the sulfate resistance, sample scaling …

Due to several reasons as the low resistance of constructed concrete and also change in
codes or application of structures, some concrete frames need to be retrofitted. By adding …