Currently, metformin is the first-line medication to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in
most guidelines and is used daily by> 200 million patients. Surprisingly, the mechanisms …

Microbiotas are a malleable part of ecosystems, including the human ecosystem.
Microorganisms affect not only the chemistry of their specific niche, such as the human gut …

Observational findings achieved during the past two decades suggest that the intestinal
microbiota may contribute to the metabolic health of the human host and, when aberrant, to …

The numerous beneficial health outcomes associated with the use of metformin to treat
patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), together with data from pre-clinical studies in animals …

The gut microbiome plays an important role in human health and influences the
development of chronic diseases ranging from metabolic disease to gastrointestinal …

Variability in disease presentation, progression and treatment response has been a central
challenge in medicine. Although variability in host factors and genetics are important, it has …

Metformin is a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, its underlying
mechanism is not fully understood. Gut microbiota affect the development and progression …

The application of multiple omics technologies in biomedical cohorts has the potential to
reveal patient-level disease characteristics and individualized response to treatment …

Increased evidence shows that gut microbiota acts as the primary regulator of the liver;
however, its role in sepsis-related liver injury (SLI) in the elderly is unclear. This study …

Gut bacterial microbiome dysbiosis in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been reported,
but such an association with Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is not known. We explored possible …