To be functional, nucleic acids need to adopt particular threedimensional structures. For a
long time DNA was regarded as a rigid and passive molecule with the sole purpose to store …

In addition to the familiar duplex DNA, certain DNA sequences can fold into secondary
structures that are four-stranded; because they are made up of guanine (G) bases, such …

The c-myc oncogene is one of the most commonly malfunctioning genes in human cancers,
and is an attractive target for anti-gene therapy. Although synthetic oligonucleotides …

Human hnRNP A1 is a versatile single-stranded nucleic acid-binding protein that functions
in various aspects of mRNA maturation and in telomere length regulation. The crystal …

DNA oligonucleotides that have repetitive tracts of guanine bases can form G‐quadruplex
structures that display an amazing polymorphism. Structures of several new G …

Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is widely used to characterize the structures of DNA G‐
quadruplexes. CD bands at 200–300 nm have been empirically related to G‐quadruplexes …

Guanine-rich DNA repeat sequences located at the terminal ends of chromosomal DNA can
fold in a sequence-dependent manner into G-quadruplex structures, notably the terminal …

Among the many unusual conformations of DNA and RNA, quadruplex structures, based on
the guanine quartet, possess several unique properties. These properties, along with the …

The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are a large family of nucleic acid
binding proteins that are often found in, but not restricted to, the 40S-ribonucleoprotein …

Introduction 3. Biological significance of tetraplex DNA 3.1. Evidence for the existence of
tetraplex DNA in vivo 3.2. Proposed biological roles of tetraplex DNA. 3.2. 1. Functions in the …