Evolvability is the ability of a biological system to produce phenotypic variation that is both
heritable and adaptive. It has long been the subject of anecdotal observations and …

Biochemical reactions are intrinsically stochastic, leading to variation in the production of
mRNAs and proteins within cells. In the scientific literature, this source of variation is typically …

Accurate measurements of promoter activities are crucial for predictably building genetic
systems. Here we report a method to simultaneously count plasmid DNA, RNA transcripts …

Many experiments show that the numbers of mRNA and protein are proportional to the cell
volume in growing cells. However, models of stochastic gene expression often assume …

How transcriptional bursting relates to gene regulation is a central question that has
persisted for more than a decade. Here, we measure nascent transcriptional activity in early …

The field of single-cell biology has morphed from a philosophical digression at its inception,
to a playground for quantitative biologists, to a major area of biomedical research. The last …

Transcription is a highly stochastic process. To infer transcription kinetics for a gene-of-
interest, researchers commonly compare the distribution of mRNA copy-number to the …

Monitoring transcription in living cells gives access to the dynamics of this complex
fundamental process. It reveals that transcription is discontinuous, whereby active periods …

Sequence-specific binding of proteins to DNA is essential for accessing genetic information.
We derive a model that predicts an anticorrelation between the macroscopic association and …

In vivo mapping of transcription-factor binding to the transcriptional output of the regulated
gene is hindered by probabilistic promoter occupancy, the presence of multiple gene copies …