MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory molecules post-transcriptionally suppressing
mRNA activity. Many miRNAs in various organisms have been cloned but many unknown …

Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) belongs to the transforming growth factor-β
(TGF-β) superfamily proteins. GDF15 acts as an inflammatory marker, and it plays a role in …

Background The risk of stroke is heterogeneous across different groups of patients with atrial
fibrillation (AF), being dependent on the presence of various stroke risk factors. We provide …

Aim When assessing bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), risk stratification is
often based on the baseline risks. We aimed to investigate changes in bleeding risk factors …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest sustained cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with
significant morbidity and mortality. There is plenty of evidence available to support the …

Highlights•An aptamer with high affinity, high specificity, and high stability for binding to both
human-derived and rat-derived GDF15 was obtained.• The molecular mechanism and key …

In cardiovascular disease (CVD), biomarkers (ie,“biological markers”) could have multiple
roles in understanding the complexity of cardiovascular (CV) pathophysiology and to offer …

Risk scores in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) based on clinical factors alone generally
have only modest predictive value for predicting high risk patients that sustain events …

Whilst there is a clear clinical benefit of oral anticoagulation (OAC) in patients with atrial
fibrillation (AF) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in reducing the risks of …

Retinal drug toxicity screening is essential for the development of safe treatment strategies
for a large number of diseases. To this end, retinal organoids derived from human …