The initiation of transcription is a complex process involving many different steps. These
steps are all potential control points for regulating gene expression, and many have been …

Multisubunit RNA polymerases are targets of sophisticated signal transduction pathways
that link environmental or temporal cues to changes in gene expression. Here we show that …

The protein σ54 associates with Escherichia coli core RNA polymerase to form a
holoenzyme that binds promoters but is inactive in the absence of enhancer activation. Here …

The emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii strains, with broad multidrug-resistance
phenotypes and novel virulence factors unique to hypervirulent strains, presents a major …

Alignment of sigma 54-dependent promoters indicates conservation of two sequence
elements. Six nucleotides in the downstream− 12 element were mutated individually to each …

The s ulfur ox idization (Sox) system is the central sulfur oxidization pathway of phototrophic
and chemotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Regulation and function of the Sox system in the …

Sigma 54 is a required factor for bacterial RNA polymerase to respond to enhancers and
directs a mechanism that is a hybrid between bacterial and eukaryotic transcription. Three …

The RNA polymerase sigma factor σN (σ54) is characterized by the presence, near the C‐
terminal end of the protein, of a highly conserved sequence of 10 amino acids …

Structure-function relationships involved in oligomerisation of the transposase OrfAB of the
bacterial insertion sequence IS911 have been investigated. Site-directed mutagenesis and …

The σNclass of sigma factors confer upon RNA polymerase the requirement for enhancer-
binding activator proteins. The sigma-N (σN) protein ofKlebsiella pneumoniaewas analysed …