During evolution, the cerebral cortex advances by increasing in surface and the introduction
of new cytoarchitectonic areas among which the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is considered to be …

Genome-wide association studies have shown unequivocally that common complex
disorders have a polygenic genetic architecture and have enabled researchers to identify …

It is unclear whether transgender and gender-diverse individuals have elevated rates of
autism diagnosis or traits related to autism compared to cisgender individuals in large non …

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a class of disorders affecting brain development
and function and are characterized by wide genetic and clinical variability. In this review, we …

A polygenic score (PGS) or polygenic risk score (PRS) is an estimate of an individual's
genetic liability to a trait or disease, calculated according to their genotype profile and …

The sequencing of the human genome has allowed the study of the genetic architecture of
common diseases: the number of genomic variants that contribute to risk of disease and …

Understanding the consequences of genotype for phenotype (which ranges from molecule-
level effects to whole-organism traits) is at the core of genetic diagnostics in medicine. Many …

Studies of the genetics of psychiatric disorders have become one of the most exciting and
fast-moving areas in human genetics. A decade ago, there were few reproducible findings …

Neurodevelopmental disorders are the most prevalent chronic medical conditions
encountered in pediatric primary care. In addition to identifying appropriate descriptive …

The same genetic variant found in different individuals can cause a range of diverse
phenotypes, from no discernible clinical phenotype to severe disease, even among related …