Corticostriatal connections play a central role in developing appropriate goal-directed
behaviors, including the motivation and cognition to develop appropriate actions to obtain a …

Humans respond cognitively and emotionally to the built environment. The modern
possibility of recording the neural activity of subjects during exposure to environmental …

Ketamine, a racemic mixture of (S)-ketamine and (R)-ketamine enantiomers, has been used
as an anesthetic, analgesic and more recently, as an antidepressant. However, ketamine …

INTRODUCTION Although the cerebellum has long been considered to be a purely motor
structure, recent studies have revealed that it also has critical nonmotor functions. Cerebellar …

Ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons play a central role in mediating
motivated behaviors, but the circuitry through which they signal positive and negative …

Dopamine (DA) neurons in the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) integrate complex
inputs to encode multiple signals that influence motivated behaviors via diverse projections …

The new technological advances achieved during the last decade allowed the scientific
community to investigate and employ neurophysiological measures not only for research …

Obesity is a heterogeneous construct that, despite multiple and diverse attempts, has been
difficult to treat. One conceptualization gaining media and research attention in recent years …

Dopamine neurons facilitate learning by calculating reward prediction error, or the difference
between expected and actual reward. Despite two decades of research, it remains unclear …

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a heterogeneous brain structure that serves a central
role in motivation and reward processing. Abnormalities in the function of VTA dopamine …