Glutamate (Glu) is the primary excitatory transmitter in the mammalian brain. But, we know
little about the evolutionary history of this adaptation, including the selection of l-glutamate …

The intraflagellar transport (IFT) system is a remarkable molecular machine used by cells to
assemble and maintain the cilium, a long organelle extending from eukaryotic cells that …

Cells generate a highly diverse microtubule network to carry out different activities. This
network is comprised of distinct tubulin isotypes, tubulins with different post-translational …

Background: Neuronal primary cilia are being recognized for their role in mediating
signaling associated with a variety of neurobehaviors, including responses to drugs of …

Microtubules (MTs) are essential for many cellular processes including establishment of cell
shape and polarity, chromosome segregation, vesicle transport, and nuclear positioning …

Microtubules tightly regulate various cellular activities. Our understanding of microtubules is
largely based on experiments using microtubule‐targeting agents, which, however, are …

Microtubules, composed of conserved α/β-tubulin dimers, undergo complex post-
translational modifications (PTMs) that fine-tune their properties and interactions with other …

Cilia are microtubule‐based organelles that protrude from the cell surface and play crucial
roles in cellular signaling pathways and extracellular fluid movement. Defects in the ciliary …

Background The axonemal microtubules of primary cilium undergo a conserved protein
posttranslational modification (PTM)—polyglutamylation. This reversible procedure is …

Tubulin polyglutamylation is a posttranslational modification that occurs primarily along the
axoneme of cilia. Defective axoneme polyglutamylation impairs cilia function and has been …