Depression is a common global mental disorder that seriously harms human physical and
mental health. With the development of society, the increase of pressure and the role of …

The use of essential oils has gained importance due to their wide range of biological
properties. Essential oils comprise a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) …

Essential oils have been used in multiple ways, ie, inhaling, topically applying on the skin,
and drinking. Thus, there are three major routes of intake or application involved: the …

The present work involves a systematic review of the chemical composition and biological
effects of essential oils from the Annonaceae species collected in Brazil from 2011 to 2021 …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) leaves is
often consumed as infusion in folk medicine due to its therapeutic properties. This plant is …

L-tryptophan (Trp) contributes to regulating bilateral communication of the gut–brain axis. It
undergoes three major metabolic pathways, which lead to formation of kynurenine …

Cannabis has been used to treat convulsions and other disorders since ancient times. In the
last few decades, preclinical animal studies and clinical investigations have established the …

Medicinal plants and their extracts are natural remedies with enormous potential for treating
various diseases, including depression and anxiety. In the case of depression, hundreds of …

Pain and inflammation are unpleasant experiences that usually occur as a result of tissue
damage. Despite the number of existing analgesic drugs, side effects limit their use …

Mitragynine is one of the main psychoactive alkaloids in Mitragyna speciosa Korth.(kratom).
It has opium-like effects by acting on μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors in the brain. The …