Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) miniature structures cultured in vitro produced from
either human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) or adult stem cells (AdSCs) derived from …

Cell culture is an important and necessary process in drug discovery, cancer research, as
well as stem cell study. Most cells are currently cultured using two-dimensional (2D) …

Brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells provide a highly valuable in vitro
model to recapitulate human brain development and neurological diseases. However, the …

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is well acknowledged to constitute an important technology
in tissue engineering, largely due to the increasing global demand for organ replacement …

Engineering organ-specific tissues for therapeutic applications is a grand challenge,
requiring the fabrication and maintenance of densely cellular constructs composed of~ 108 …

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) stem cell culture systems have attracted considerable
attention as a way to better mimic the complex interactions between individual cells and the …

The placenta is essential for normal in utero development in mammals. In humans, defective
placental formation underpins common pregnancy disorders such as pre-eclampsia and …

Recent studies have demonstrated an array of stem cell–derived, self-organizing miniature
organs, termed organoids, that replicate the key structural and functional characteristics of …

Tissue and organ biology are very challenging to study in mammals, and progress can be
hindered, particularly in humans, by sample accessibility and ethical concerns. However …

The recent advances in in vitro 3D culture technologies, such as organoids, have opened
new avenues for the development of novel, more physiological human cancer models. Such …