Executive summary This report comes at a time when the Australian economy is reeling
under the impact of the COVID-19 crisis. More than at any other time, young Australians …

There is a rich tradition in Europe of child-centred Early Childhood Education and Care
(ECEC) with social development as the predominant curricular goal and free play as the …

Background Uncertainty remains concerning how children's reading and academic self‐
concept are related and how these are differentially affected by social disadvantage and …

It is common knowledge that physical activity leads to physiological and psychological
benefits. The current study explored the association between physical activity and self …

Background Socio‐economic status (SES) is a powerful predictor of attainment. Research
has identified multiple mechanisms that underpin the effect of SES on attainment. For …

The study identified a sub-group of high attaining (bright) disadvantaged students at the end
primary schooling at age 11 and followed their progress across secondary education with a …

This chapter provides a review of literature on student factors associated with student
learning outcomes. Since equity is measured by investigating the impact that SES has on …

Metaphor understanding can be tricky for children until mid-childhood, yet some research
suggests that pre-schoolers are already competent. Many factors have been proposed to …

A significant number of studies indicate that early year preschool programs lead to positive
long-term effects. Systematic quality improvement of early year preschool may enhance …

The high mathematics performance of pupils in Singapore on international assessments has
prompted educational initiatives in other countries—such as the UK and the USA—to adopt …