Problem Fear of childbirth negatively affects women during pregnancy and after birth. Aim
To summarise the findings of published studies regarding possible causes/predisposing …

Purpose: Women's experiences of pregnancy, labour and birth are for some pregnant
women negative and they develop a fear of childbirth, which can have consequences for …

The birth of a child is a critical and potentially stressful experience for women, entailing
several changes both at the individual and interpersonal level. This event can lead to …

Over the past three decades, substantial progress has been made in reducing maternal
mortality worldwide. However, the historical focus on mortality reduction has been …

Background: Trihalomethanes (THMs) are widespread disinfection by-products (DBPs) in
drinking water, and long-term exposure has been consistently associated with increased …

Background providing appropriate care for pregnant women with high or severe fear of
childbirth (FOC) is a challenge in midwifery care today. FOC is associated with predisposing …

Background Fear of childbirth (FOC) can have a negative impact on a woman's
psychological wellbeing during pregnancy and her experience of birth. It has also been …

Introduction There is growing evidence of the considerable impact of fear of childbirth on
women's health and well‐being, but prevalence reports of high and severe fear of childbirth …

Background The prevalence of fear of childbirth in pregnant women is described to be about
20–25%, while 6–10% of expectant mothers report a severe fear that impairs their daily …

Background Childbirth fear is a health concern in women living in high-income countries;
however, little is known about childbirth fear among women living in low-income countries …