River networks represent the largest biogeochemical nexus between the continents, ocean
and atmosphere. Our current understanding of the role of rivers in the global carbon cycle …

BACKGROUND Early civilizations developed around seasonal river floodplains, and the
natural rhythm of rivers remains critical to humans today. We use streams and rivers to meet …

The processes and biomass that characterize any ecosystem are fundamentally constrained
by the total amount of energy that is either fixed within or delivered across its boundaries …

Winters in snow-covered regions have warmed, likely shifting the timing and magnitude of
nutrient export, leading to unquantified changes in water quality. Intermittent, seasonal, and …

Gas exchange across the air–water boundary of streams and rivers is a globally large
biogeochemical flux. Gas exchange depends on the solubility of the gas of interest, the gas …

A national-scale quantification of metabolic energy flow in streams and rivers can improve
understanding of the temporal dynamics of in-stream activity, links between energy cycling …

Oxygen is one of the most crucial elements on earth and equally affects life and inorganic
redox processes. After its transition to water with moderate solubility and slow diffusion rates …

Many of the world's rivers are ice‐covered during winter months but increasing evidence
indicates that the extent of river ice will shift substantially as winters warm. However, our …

Globally, inland waters emit over 2 Pg of carbon per year as carbon dioxide, of which the
majority originates from streams and rivers. Despite the global significance of fluvial carbon …

Recent advances in high‐frequency environmental sensing and statistical approaches have
greatly expanded the breadth of knowledge regarding aquatic ecosystem metabolism—the …