Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies and mast cells have been so convincingly linked to the
pathophysiology of anaphylaxis and other acute allergic reactions that it can be difficult to …

Allergic rhinitis is clinically defined as a symptomatic disorder of the nose induced by an IgE-
mediated inflammation after allergen exposure of the membranes lining the nose. Symptoms …

Abstract CD40 ligand (CD40L, CD154), a transmembrane protein structurally related to the
cytokine TNF-α, was originally identified on stimulated CD4+ T cells,,, and later on …

Mast cells and basophils are potent effector cells of the innate immune system, and they
have both beneficial and detrimental functions for the host. They are mainly implicated in pro …

▪ Abstract CD40-CD154–mediated contact-dependent signals between B and T cells are
required for the generation of thymus dependent (TD) humoral immune responses. CD40 …

Mast cells are so widely recognized as critical effector cells in allergic disorders and other
immunoglobulin E–associated acquired immune responses that it can be difficult to think of …

Dendritic cells (DCs) initiate and control immune responses. Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs)
represent a unique DC subset able to promptly release large amounts of type I interferon …

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with specific immune and
inflammatory mechanisms. Atopy is among the major features of the diagnosis criteria for AD …

CD40 is an integral membrane protein found on the surface of B lymphocytes, dendritic
cells, follicular dendritic cells, hematopoietic progenitor cells, epithelial cells, and …

Abstract IL-33 is an IL-1 family member recently identified as the ligand for T1/ST2 (ST2), a
member of the IL-1 receptor family. ST2 is stably expressed on mast cells and Th2 effector T …