Peptides are recognized as being highly selective, potent and relatively safe as potential
therapeutics. Peptides isolated from the venom of different animals satisfy most of these …

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have been historically defined as ligand-gated
ion channels and function as such in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Recently …

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are pentameric neurotransmitter receptors. They
are members of the Cys-loop family of ligand-gated ion channels which also include …

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are integral membrane proteins and prototypic
members of the ligand‐gated ion‐channel superfamily, which has precursors in the …

Tobacco smoking is an extremely addictive and harmful form of nicotine (NIC) consumption,
but unfortunately also the most prevalent. Although disproportionately high frequencies of …

α4 and β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits expressed heterologously
assemble into receptors with high (HS) and low (LS) sensitivity to acetylcholine (ACh); their …

Marine snails of the genus Conus are a large family of predatory gastropods with an
unparalleled molecular diversity of pharmacologically active compounds in their venom …

Postsynaptic nAChRs in the peripheral nervous system are critical for neuromuscular and
autonomic neurotransmission. Pre-and peri-synaptic nAChRs in the brain modulate …

Nicotine and its derivatives, by binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) on
bronchial epithelial cells, can regulate cellular proliferation and apoptosis via activating the …

Chronic pain is a vexing worldwide problem that causes substantial disability and consumes
significant medical resources. Although there are numerous analgesic medications, these …