Electromagnetic relays (EMRs) are intricate micro-electromechanical systems characterized
by nonlinear behavior and coupling effects between electromagnetic and mechanical forces …

The reliability of electromagnetic relays is affected by dynamic and contact bounce
behaviors. To address this issue, a novel optimal parameter design strategy based on a …

Contact welding issues originating from the switching events extremely limit the lifespan and
reliability of micro electromagnetic relays. In this paper, the contact welding failure …

Linear electromagnetic actuators (LEAs) are widely used in tokamaks, but they are
extremely sensitive to and are prone to fail in a high-strength stray magnetic field (SMF) …

Green energy transformation requires comprehensive strategies that include both
innovations in energy production and more efficient energy use. This article investigates the …

Linear electromagnetic actuators (LEAs), which conduct linear physical movements driven
by electromagnetic force, are widely used in various applications. However, LEAs are very …

This paper designs an intelligent control module with STM32F103 microcontroller as the
core, aiming at the 400A unipolar electromagnetic switch developed by our research team …

The subject of the article is a description of the operating principle of the new proposal of the
selective circuit breaker, which is an extension of the existing selective devices. The solution …

In order to solve the problem of low efficiency of traditional intelligent contactor performance
test, this paper proposes a contactor dynamic characteristic test and analysis system based …