Philosophers defined the eye as a window to the soul long before scientists addressed this
cliché to determine its scientific basis and clinical relevance. Anatomically and …

Neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are characterized by
progressive neuronal death and neurological dysfunction, leading to increased disability …

Primary open-angle glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy and, perhaps, the most
common form of glaucoma. Because the disease is treatable, and because the visual …

Inflammation is an integral part of the body's physiological repair mechanism, unless it
remains unresolved and becomes pathological, as evident in the progressive nature of …

The effects of the adaptive immune system on the cognitive performance and abnormal
behaviors seen in mental disorders such as schizophrenia have never been documented …

The retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the output cells of the retina into the brain. In
mammals, these cells are not able to regenerate their axons after optic nerve injury, leaving …

'Protective autoimmunity'refers to a well-controlled anti-self response that helps the body
resist neurodegeneration. The response is mediated by autoimmune T cells, which produce …

Microglia, the standby cells for immune defense in the CNS, have a reputation for
exacerbating the neural damage that occurs in neurodegenerative diseases. However …

The choroid plexus is composed of epithelial cells resting on a basal lamina. These cells
produce the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which has many functions including rendering …

Glaucoma, the second most common cause of blindness, is characterized by a progressive
loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons, with a concomitant loss of the visual field …