A bidirectional causal relationship has been established between temporomandibular
disorders (TMDs) and chronic headaches. Recent advances in the neurobiology of chronic …

This review explores the application of the conservative management model for pain to
sports-related concussions (SRCs), framing concussions as a distinct form of pain syndrome …

Alcohol binge drinking is common among adolescents and may challenge the signalling
systems that process affective stimuli, including calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) …

Many threats activate parabrachial neurons expressing calcitonin gene-related peptide
(CGRP PBN) which transmit alarm signals to forebrain regions. Most CGRP PBN neurons …

The amygdala consists of a collection of nuclei that are deep within the medial temporal
lobe. Despite its small size, the amygdala is one of the most densely connected structures in …

Affective empathy enables social mammals to learn and transfer emotion to conspecifics, but
an understanding of the neural circuitry and genetics underlying affective empathy is still …

Neuropathic and nociplastic pain are major causes of pain and involve brain areas such as
the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). Within the CeA, neurons expressing protein …

Neuropathic pain is caused by nerve injury and involves brain areas such as the central
nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). We developed the first 3-D agent-based model (ABM) of …

Appropriate response to appetitive stimuli in the environment is a crucial skill for animals,
enabling their survival and reproduction. While some psychoactive substances also induce …

Understanding how acute pain becomes chronic is one of the most important topics in pain
research for back pain, neck pain, and TMJ pain. When acute pain is sustained for days, the …