Ocean acidification is considered detrimental to marine calcifiers, but mounting contradictory
evidence suggests a need to revisit this concept. This systematic review and meta‐analysis …

Aquaculture is the fastest-growing farmed food sector and will soon become the primary
source of fish and shellfish for human diets. In contrast to crop and livestock production …

Marine life is controlled by multiple physical and chemical drivers and by diverse ecological
processes. Many of these oceanic properties are being altered by climate change and other …

Phenotypic plasticity, both within and across generations, is an important mechanism that
organisms use to cope with rapid climate change. While an increasing number of studies …

Molluscs comprise the second largest phylum of animals (after arthropods), occurring in
virtually all habitats. Some are commercially important, a few are pests and some carry …

Although cross generation (CGP) and multigenerational (MGP) plasticity have been
identified as mechanisms of acclimation to global change, the weight of evidence indicates …

Predicting the effects of climate change on Earth's biota becomes even more challenging
when acknowledging that most species have life cycles consisting of multiple stages, each …

Ocean acidification severely affects bivalves, especially their larval stages. Consequently,
the fate of this ecologically and economically important group depends on the capacity and …

We are beginning to understand how the larvae of molluscs and echinoderms with complex
life cycles will be affected by climate change. Early experiments using short-term exposures …

Physiological studies contribute to a cause and effect understanding of ecological patterns
under climate change and identify the scope and limits of adaptation. Across most habitats …