In the recent era, Electric Vehicles (EVs) has been emerged as the top concern in the
automobile sector because of their eco-friendly nature. The application of Lithium-ion …

The state of charge (SOC) estimation of lithium-ion battery (LIB) based on recurrent neural
network (RNN) has been a popular research due to its suitability for time series data …

Lithium–ion batteries play a crucial role in clean transportation systems including EVs,
aircraft, and electric micromobilities. The design of battery cells and their production process …

Abstract State-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH) play a key role in the safety and
reliability of batteries. To improve the real-time estimation accuracy of battery state, a novel …

Estimating the state of charge (SOC) of batteries is fundamental for the proper management
and safe operation of numerous systems, including electric vehicles, smart energy grids, and …

Due to their high energy density and minimal emissions, lithium-ion batteries are frequently
employed in electric vehicles (EVs). Accurate estimation of the micro-parameters, state of …

The orders of the fractional order model (FOM) for lithium-ion battery (LIB) inherit profound
electrochemical significance, and their casual assignment and acquisition could lead to …

Accurate state-of-charge (SOC) estimation is critical to the energy management of lithium-
ion batteries, which are increasingly employed in electric vehicles (EVs). In this work, a …

Kalman filters (KFs) are widely used for state-of-charge (SOC) estimation of Li-ion batteries
due to their excellent dynamic tracking capability. Especially the cubature KF (CKF), with the …

The estimation of SOC is a key issue for the high-efficient and reliable operation of Li-ion
batteries, thus has been increasingly concerned in current years with the development of …