The X-machine testing method has been developed as an application of the W-method to
testing the control structure of an implementation, against a specification. The method was …

One of the most essential phases of software development is the system specification. X-
machines is an intuitive formal method which can be easily applied at this phase and also …

X-machines were proposed by Holcombe as a possible specification language and since
then a number of further investigations have demonstrated that the model is intuitive and …

An X-machine is a general computational machine that can model:(a) non-trivial data
structures as a typed memory tuple and (b) the dynamic part of a system by employing …

Recent advances in testing and verification of software based on formal specifications of the
system to be built have reached a point where the ideas can be applied in a powerful way in …

The rapid change of requirements has made software more complex and harder to maintain.
Software testing tools play an important role in the Software Development Life Cycle …

Stream X-machines are a form of extended finite state machines that has received extensive
study in recent years. A stream X-machine describes a system as a finite set of states, an …

Simulation is a powerful technique for the study of real-life complex problems. Simulation
requires the development of a program, which mimics the problem under consideration. The …

The Pharaoh's ant (Monomorium pharaonis), a significant pest in many human
environments, is phenomenally successful at locating and exploiting available food …

One of the great benefits of using a stream X-machine to specify a system is its associated
testing method. Under certain design for test conditions, this method produces a test suite …