The average lifespan of circulating erythrocytes usually exceeds hundred days. Prior to that,
however, erythrocytes may be exposed to oxidative stress in the circulation which could …

Iron is a micronutrient essential for cellular energy and metabolism, necessary for
maintaining body homoeostasis. Iron deficiency is an important co-morbidity in patients with …

Objectives: The aim of this study was to comprehensively delineate iron metabolism and its
implications in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Background: Iron deficiency is an …

Anemia is a common comorbidity in patients with heart failure and is associated with worse
long-term outcomes. Although the cause of anemia in heart failure is unclear, the weight of …

Aims Anaemia is often observed in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), and it may be
associated with a worse prognosis. Aim of this study was to identify the individual …

Anemia and iron deficiency are common in patients with heart failure (HF), and are
associated with worse symptoms and adverse outcomes in this population. Although the two …

Aims Limited data are available on iron parameters in patients hospitalized for
decompensation of chronic heart failure. Methods and results Iron parameters of patients …

Background—Substantial evidence suggests that anemia is an independent risk factor for
worse outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). The Study of Anemia in Heart Failure …

Objectives: This study sought to investigate whether darbepoetin alfa, an erythropoiesis-
stimulating protein (ESP), improves exercise capacity in patients with symptomatic chronic …

Heart failure (HF) is a common, disabling, and costly disease. Despite major advances in
medical therapy, morbidity and mortality remain high, in part because current …