The neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-
activating polypeptide (PACAP) have emerged as mediators of migraine pathogenesis. Both …

The etiology of migraine pain involves sensitized meningeal afferents that densely innervate
the dural vasculature. These afferents, with their cell bodies located in the trigeminal …

Migraine is a collection of perplexing neurological conditions in which the brain and its
associated tissues have been implicated as major players during an attack. Once …

Migraine is a complex disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of headache, and is one
of the most prevalent and disabling neurological disorders. A key feature of migraine is that …

Background Cytokines are important endogenous substances that are involved in immune
and inflammatory responses. Neurogenic inflammation has been proposed to play a role in …

Migraine is a common disabling brain disorder whose key manifestations are recurrent
attacks of unilateral headache and interictal hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli. Migraine …

Abstract Purpose of Review Dysautonomia refers to the dysfunction of the autonomic
nervous system and encompasses a wide variety of autonomic symptoms and disorders …

Background Recent studies on migraineurs and our own animal experiments have revealed
that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP-38) has an important role …

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP38) and vasoactive intestinal
polypeptide are structurally and functionally closely related but show differences in migraine …

Migraine is a widespread and debilitating neurological condition affecting more than a
billion people worldwide. Thus, more effective migraine therapies are highly needed. In the …