Background Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a catastrophic disease of preterm infants, and
microbial dysbiosis has been implicated in its pathogenesis. Studies evaluating the …

Microbial colonization of the infant occurs during a critical time window for immune and
gastrointestinal development. Infant colonization sets the stage for the adult microbiome …

Microbial colonization of the human intestine impacts host metabolism and immunity;
however, exactly when colonization occurs is unclear. Although many studies have reported …

Background Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a necrotic inflammation of the intestine,
represents a major health problem in the very premature infant. Although prevention is …

Given the" inborn" nature of the innate immune system, it is surprising to find that innate
immune function does in fact change with age. Similar patterns of distinct Toll-like-receptor …

Background A major cause of enteric infection, Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria activate
mucosal inflammation through lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding to intestinal toll-like …

Intestinal inflammatory diseases, such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and necrotizing
enterocolitis, are becoming increasingly prevalent. While knowledge of the pathogenesis of …

The intestine is a vital organ responsible for nutrient absorption, bile and waste excretion,
and a major site of host immunity. In order to keep up with daily demands, the intestine has …

During foetal development, neonatal period and childhood, the immune system is constantly
maturing. In the foetus, infection responsiveness is low and associates with spontaneous …

Background The initial acquisition and early development of the intestinal microbiome
during infancy are important to human health across the lifespan. Mode of birth, antibiotic …