Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are the two etiologic agents of
cryptococcosis. They belong to the phylum Basidiomycota and can be readily distinguished …

Fungi must meet four criteria to infect humans: growth at human body temperatures,
circumvention or penetration of surface barriers, lysis and absorption of tissue, and …

Metals are essential for life, and they play a central role in the struggle between infecting
microbes and their hosts. In fact, an important aspect of microbial pathogenesis is the …

Copper (Cu) is a redox-active metal ion essential for most aerobic organisms. Cu serves as
a catalytic and structural cofactor for enzymes that function in energy generation, iron …

Fungal laccases are phenol oxidases widely studied for their use in several industrial
applications, including pulp bleaching in paper industry, dye decolourisation, detoxification …

Copper is an essential micronutrient for both pathogens and the animal hosts they infect.
However, copper can also be toxic in cells due to its redox properties and ability to disrupt …

Transition metals such as iron, zinc, copper, and manganese are essential for the growth
and development of organisms ranging from bacteria to mammals. Numerous studies have …

Throughout evolution, all organisms have harnessed the redox properties of copper (Cu)
and iron (Fe) as a cofactor or structural determinant of proteins that perform critical functions …

Copper (Cu) is an essential metal that is toxic at high concentrations. Thus, pathogens often
rely on host Cu for growth, but host cells can hyperaccumulate Cu to exert antimicrobial …

Copper is an essential trace element participating in many vital biological processes,
however it becomes a toxic agent when in excess. Thus, precise and tight regulation of …