With ever-increasing political tensions between China and Russia on one side and the EU
and the US on the other, it only seems a matter of time until protectionist policies cause a …

Do export sanctions cause export deflection? Data on Iranian non-oil exporters between
January 2006 and June 2011 shows that two-thirds of these exports were deflected to non …

We estimate how a rise in uncertainty about future tariff rates impacts firm decisions to enter
into and exit from export markets. Using Chinese customs transactions between 2000 and …

The WTO has delivered policy outcomes that are very different from those likely to emerge
out of the recent wave of preferential trade agreements (PTAs). Should economists see this …

Recent decades have witnessed a surge of trade in intermediate goods and a proliferation
of free trade agreements (FTAs). FTAs use rules of origin (RoO) to distinguish goods …

What affects a country's decision of whether to formally engage in a trade dispute directly
related to its exporting interests? This article empirically examines determinants of affected …

This paper estimates the impact of macroeconomic fluctuations on import protection policies
over 1988: Q1–2010: Q4 for five industrialized economies—the United States, European …

The agri‐food trade has expanded considerably over decades, with a remarkable increase
in the market share of developing countries. The upward trend in trade flows has been …

Using monthly transaction data covering all Chinese exporters over the 2000–2006 period,
we investigate how Chinese exporters respond to US antidumping investigations. We find …

We estimate the ex‐post agricultural trade impacts of retaliatory measures imposed by
foreign countries in response to United States' Section 232 and 301 tariffs using a …