Several infectious and autoimmune diseases are associated with an expansion of CD21−
CD27− atypical B cells (atBCs) that up-regulate inhibitory receptors and exhibit altered B cell …

IgG antibodies play a role in malaria immunity, but whether and how IgM protects from
malaria and the biology of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf)–specific IgM B cells is unclear. In a …

Background The influenza virus spreads rapidly around the world in seasonal epidemics,
resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Influenza-related incidence data are limited in …

Background The frequency of influenza virus infections and group A beta-hemolytic
streptococcus (GAS) pharyngitis varies according to populations. We aimed to investigate …

Background: Influenza infection is a serious public health problem that causes an estimated
3 to 5 million cases and 250,000 deaths worldwide every year. The epidemiology of …

Background Influenza is responsible for more than 5 million severe cases and 290,000 to
650,000 deaths every year worldwide. Developing countries account for 99% of influenza …

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) have both zoonotic and anthroponotic potential and are of public
and veterinary importance. Swine are intermediate hosts and 'mixing vessels' for generating …

Influenza viruses are frequently transmitted between pigs and their handlers, and among pig
handlers. However, reports on socio‐environmental variables as potential risk factors …

Background Reliable diagnostics are a key to identifying influenza infections. Objectives Our
objectives were to describe the detection of influenza among severe acute respiratory …

Objective: To define hOPV, hMPV and hORUV geographical distribution and circulation
patterns. Method: An observational, prospective cross-sectional pilot study was carried out …