In neurological diseases, the actions of microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the CNS
parenchyma, may diverge from, or intersect with, those of recruited monocytes to drive …

Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous danger molecules that
are released from damaged or dying cells and activate the innate immune system by …

As a complex multicellular structure of the vascular system at the central nervous system
(CNS), the blood-brain barrier (BBB) separates the CNS from the system circulation and …

Aging is characterized by a morpho-functional adaptation, variably affecting major
physiological systems, depending on a complex interaction between genetic, environmental …

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a significant clinical issue that is associated
with increased mortality and cost of health care. Dexmedetomidine, an α2 adrenoceptor …

High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein released by glia
and neurons upon inflammasome activation and activates receptor for advanced glycation …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause
of dementia, with accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) as …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent type of dementia. The pathological hallmarks
of the disease are extracellular senile plaques composed of beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and …

Structural and functional alterations to the gut microbiome, referred to as gut dysbiosis, have
emerged as potential key mediators of neurodegeneration and Alzheimer disease (AD) …

Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory responses are involved in the progression
of brain injuries induced by a diverse range of insults, including ischemia, hemorrhage …