Abstract Purpose of Review An elevated level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in inflammatory
conditions causes bone loss and disrupts vital organ function. Osteocytes comprise> 95% of …

Bone is composed of a complex mixture of many dynamic cell types. Flow cytometry and in
vivo lineage tracing have offered early progress toward deconvoluting this heterogeneous …

Gastrointestinal enterochromaffin cells regulate bone and gut homeostasis via serotonin (5-
hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) production. A recent report suggested that gut microbes regulate …

Background It is well-known that both macrophages and osteocytes are critical regulators of
osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, yet there is limited understanding of the macrophage …

Osteocytes are the most abundant (~ 95%) cells in bone with the longest half-life (~ 25
years) in humans. In the past osteocytes have been regarded as vestigial cells in bone …

Human in vitro bone remodeling models, using osteoclast–osteoblast cocultures, can
facilitate the investigation of human bone remodeling while reducing the need for animal …

Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are common comorbid diseases, yet their shared mechanisms
are largely unknown. We found that genetic variation near FAM210A was associated …

Background Osteocytes are the main stress-sensing cells in bone. The substances secreted
by osteocytes under mechanical loading play a crucial role in maintaining body …

Co-culture assays are used to study the mutual interaction between cells in vitro. This
chapter describes 2D and 3D co-culture systems used to study cell-cell signaling crosstalk …

Once prostate cancer (PC) metastasizes towards bone the 5-year survival rates drop with
70%, but it is largely unknown why. Bone is continuously mechanically loaded, which likely …