Plants viruses spread throughout their hosts using a number of pathways, the most common
being movement cell to cell through plasmodesmata (PD), unique intercellular organelles of …

Many plant virus genera encode a 'triple gene block'(TGB), a specialized evolutionarily
conserved gene module involved in the cell-to-cell and long-distance movement of viruses …

In 1879 Eduard Tangle discovered cytoplasmic connections between cells in the cotyledons
of Strychnos nuxvomica, which he interpreted to be protoplasmic contacts. This led him to …

Plant viruses are a class of plant pathogens that specialize in movement from cell to cell. As
part of their arsenal for infection of plants, every virus encodes a movement protein (MP), a …

To obtain virus-resistant host plants, a range of operational strategies can be followed
nowadays. While for decades plant breeders have been able to introduce natural resistance …

Plant viruses use movement proteins (MPs) to modify intercellular pores called
plasmodesmata (PD) to cross the plant cell wall. Many viruses encode a conserved set of …

Several RNA virus genera belonging to the Virgaviridae and Flexiviridae families encode
proteins organized in a triple gene block (TGB) that facilitate cell-to-cell and long-distance …

Propagation of viral infection in host plants comprises two distinct and sequential stages:
viral transport from the initially infected cell into adjacent neighboring cells, a process termed …

The multifunctional nuclear inclusion protein a (NIa) of potyviruses (genus Potyvirus;
Potyviridae) accumulates in the nucleus of virus-infected cells for unknown reasons. In this …

Plant viruses use plasmodesmata (PD) to spread infection between cells and systemically.
Dependent on viral species, movement through PD can occur in virion or non-virion form …