The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by the Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has resulted in a world‐wide …

ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) has a multiplicity of physiological roles that
revolve around its trivalent function: a negative regulator of the renin-angiotensin system …

The symptoms most commonly reported by patients affected by coronavirus disease (COVID-
19) include cough, fever, and shortness of breath. However, other major events usually …

The novel SARS coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic may be particularly deleterious to
patients with underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD). The mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 …

Background Concerns have been raised about the possibility that inhibitors of the renin–
angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) could predispose individuals to severe COVID-19; …

Systemic arterial hypertension (referred to as hypertension herein) is a major risk factor of
mortality worldwide, and its importance is further emphasized in the context of the novel …

Aims The current pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infects a wide age group but
predominantly elderly individuals, especially men and those with cardiovascular disease …

Abstract Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected more than seven million people …

Abstract Human coronaviruses, especially COVID-19, is an emerging pandemic infectious
disease with high morbidity and mortality. Coronaviruses are associated with comorbidities …

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly evolved into a global pandemic. The …