The purpose of this study is to discuss the effects of audiovisual input on second language
acquisition (SLA) and the factors that influence the difficulty of audiovisual learning through …

The present study revisits the differential roles of form, meaning, and use aspects of
phonological vocabulary knowledge in L2 listening proficiency. A total of 126 Japanese …

In second language (L2) research, the lexical unit is often defined as a base word plus
inflectional and derivational forms through Level 6 of Bauer and Nation's framework (WF6) …

The relationship between second language (L2) learners' orthographic vocabulary
knowledge and extensive reading is quite well researched. However, the way phonological …

Vocabulary is a key variable to successful listening comprehension. Research has explored
the relationship between aural and orthographic vocabularies and listening comprehension …

Research addressing the relationship between vocabulary knowledge and second
language (L2) listening comprehension has been conducted mostly using measures that tap …

In line with increasing attention being paid to the role of positive emotions in second
language (L2) proficiency and knowledge, this study set out to examine the relationships …

In L2 listening research, there is debate over the roles of bottom-up and top-down
processing in comprehension. However, little previous research has examined the …

The present small-scale study explores whether working memory (WM) and language
aptitude (LA) explain any variance in L2 listening comprehension beyond baseline listening …

When students start learning English as a foreign language (EFL), they often already know
many words because they have had many opportunities to engage with the English …