An abundant metal in the human body, iron is essential for key biological pathways
including oxygen transport, DNA metabolism, and mitochondrial function. Most iron is bound …

The biological effects of environmental metal contamination are important issues in an
industrialized, resource-dependent world. Different metals have different roles in biology …

Therapeutic mRNA vaccination is an attractive approach to trigger antitumor immunity.
However, the mRNA delivery technology for customized tumor vaccine is still limited. In this …

Advances in CRISPR technology have immensely improved our ability to manipulate nucleic
acids, and the recent discovery of the RNA-targeting endonuclease Cas13 adds even further …

Ecdysteroids are a class of steroid hormones that controls molting and metamorphic
transitions in Ecdysozoan species including insects, in which ecdysteroid biosynthesis and …

Steroid hormones are responsible for coordinating many aspects of biological processes in
most multicellular organisms, including insects. Ecdysteroid, the principal insect steroid …

NEET proteins belong to a highly conserved group of [2Fe–2S] proteins found across all
kingdoms of life. Due to their unique [2Fesingle bond2S] cluster structure, they play a key …

Iron is essential for energy metabolism, and states of iron deficiency or excess are
detrimental for organisms and cells. Therefore, iron and carbohydrate metabolism are tightly …

Protein cofactors often are the business ends of proteins, and are either synthesized inside
cells or are taken up from the nutrition. A cofactor that strictly needs to be synthesized by …

Excess iron accumulation is a risk factor for osteopenia and osteoporosis, and ferroptosis is
becoming well understood as iron-dependent form of cell death resulting from lipid peroxide …