Humans excel at learning complex tasks, and elite performers such as musicians or athletes
develop motor skills that defy biomechanical constraints. All actions require the movement of …

Gravity is a defining force that governs the evolution of mechanical forms, shapes and
anchors our perception of the environment, and imposes fundamental constraints on our …

In the future, humans are likely to be exposed to environments with altered gravity
conditions, be it only visually (Virtual and Augmented Reality), or visually and bodily (space …

We can adapt movements to a novel dynamic environment (eg, tool use, microgravity, and
perturbation) by acquiring an internal model of the dynamics [1–3]. Although multiple …

A fundamental challenge for maintaining spatial orientation and interacting with the world is
knowledge of our orientation relative to gravity, ie, head tilt. Sensing gravity is complicated …

The brain has evolved an internal model of gravity to cope with life in the Earth's
gravitational environment. How this internal model benefits the implementation of skilled …

Recent kinematic results, combined with model simulations, have provided support for the
hypothesis that the human brain shapes motor patterns that use gravity effects to minimize …

We permanently deal with gravity force. Experimental evidences revealed that moving
against gravity strongly differs from moving along the gravity vector. This directional …

Sensorimotor plasticity allows the nervous system to set up appropriate motor and sensory
compensations when individuals face changing demands in a given motor task. A much …

Humans are known to regulate the timing of interceptive actions by modeling, in a simplified
way, Newtonian mechanics. Specifically, when intercepting an approaching ball, humans …